A study to analysis barrier to compliance of self care practice among patient with diabetes in selected area of Mumbai

Abstract

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION.</strong> Diabetes mellitus is now recognized as a &ldquo;Disease Epidemic&rdquo; of the 21st century, affecting millions of people worldwide⁽¹⁾. According to World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF), more than 422 million people worldwide and 62.1 million people in India are affected by Diabetes mellitus⁽²⁾.</p> <p>&nbsp;Proper self care management can decrease diabetes associated complications and improve Glycemic control.</p> <p>The objective of this study is to analyze self care practices among patients with Diabetes, identify its barriers to compliance and justify any association between barriers to compliance with their demographic components.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY:.</strong> A descriptive qualitative research design was used in this study. Data was collected by an interviewer administered structured questionnaire. 100 samples diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, at least two year prior were selected as participants in this study by using convenient sampling technique. Data was analyzed to generate information about self care practices which were followed by patients, and their possible barriers against those self care practices.</p> <p><strong>FINDINGS.</strong> Our first objective was to find out self care practices, among six selected component such as Diet, Medication, Exercise, Foot care, Blood glucose monitoring and stress. About 19.1%, 21. 3% and 20.3 % people followed the given self care practices always, some times and never respectively.</p> <p>Our second objective was to identify the barriers in diabetic patients. Patients identified with maximum barriers was found in foot care i.e 32.5% were mostly unaware about the technique of foot care; whereas 29.3% barriers was found in diet component. 22 % patients had fewer barrier in areas like medication and&nbsp; blood glucose monitoring .</p> <p>Research also showed association between demographic variable INCOME to DIET (income&lt;50000 shows more barrier) (chi-square test given P value 0.002)</p> <p>Researchers analysis revealed that standard deviation (SD) value for component age from demographic variable are as follows :</p> <p>Diet (5.8), Medication (3.9), Exercise (5.54), Foot care (5.16), Blood glucose monitoring (7.12), Stress (4.49)</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION.</strong> Patients consistently identified problems with health as a barrier to diet, exercise, foot care &amp; medication adherence in diabetes. Awareness programs &amp; counseling should be mandatory in all hospitals &amp; diabetic clinics. More emphasis should be given on foot care. &nbsp;</p>