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Adverse drug reactions and resultant health-related quality of life during multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in South Africa
(2015-10-02)
Background/Significance: The incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is on the rise globally. MDR-TB takes a minimum of 2 years to treat and the treatment regimen produces many adverse drug reactions (ADRs). ...
Exploring holistic comfort in children who experience a clinical venipuncture procedure
(2015-09-03)
Introduction: Children often experience the uncomfortable effects of invasive procedures as a part of primary health supervision and during times of illness. Inadequate procedural comfort management can lead to numerous lasting harmful effects including distrust of healthcare providers, future intensified pain responses, negative cognitive and emotional experiences, and psychosocial health problems (Czarnecki et al. 2011). Holistic comfort has been well documented in adult literature but little research exists on the understanding of holistic procedural comfort from the child’s perspective.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore perspectives of children age 4 to 7 years and their caregivers regarding procedural holistic comfort. A qualitative descriptive design described by Sandelowski (2000; 2010) was used with the philosophical underpinnings of naturalistic inquiry (Guba & Lincoln, 1982).
Methods: Purposive and convenience sampling was completed with a flyer handout to recruit participants from an outpatient hospital laboratory. The sample included 13 child participants and 15 caregiver participants who were interviewed using a semi-structured format. Children were additionally asked to complete and discuss a drawing task. This facilitated age and developmentally appropriate data collection and increased richness of data. Traditional thematic content analysis described by Hsieh and Shannon (2005) was implemented to interpret themes.
Results: Four overarching themes of holistic comfort related to venipuncture procedures in children emerged: Body Comfort, Cognitive and Emotional Comfort, Comfort in the Procedure Surroundings, and Comfort Play. Children perceived venipuncture procedures as an experience that produced anger, anxiety, distress, fear, opposition, pain, and sadness. Caregivers described seeing anticipation, anxiety, distress, embarrassment, fear, opposition, pain, and building resilience.
Conclusion: Literature on procedural holistic comfort in children was missing. With the findings from this study and future outcomes research, there is potential for enhancement of overall procedural holistic comfort in children. Future research should focus on: the development of a valid and reliable procedural holistic comfort measurement tool, further exploratory and empirical studies, and investigating different populations such as children of various age groups, children with special health needs, disparate groups, and children of different ethnic or cultural backgrounds. Implications include relevance and recommendations in the areas of nursing and related health sciences, organizational and administrative policy, invasive procedures, theory, and study methods. ...
Best practice guidelines for uncomplicated urinary tract infections to reduce rates of antibiotic resistance: A CE module for clinicians
(3/17/2015)
Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) accounted for over 8 million visits to ambulatory clinics. The annual cost of evaluation and treatment for uncomplicated UTIs on the health care system is estimated to be ...
Planning for a community supported farmers market in a rural USDA food desert
(11/12/2015)
A community initiative to develop and sustain a farmer's market can address insufficient access to fresh and affordable fruits and vegetables for individuals working and residing in a United States Department of Agriculture ...
Effects of high fidelity simulation on knowledge acquisition, self-confidence, and satisfaction with baccalaureate nursing students using the Solomon-Four Research Design
(3/24/2015)
High Fidelity Simulation is a teaching strategy that is becoming well-entrenched in the world of nursing education and is rapidly expanding due to the challenges and demands of the health care environment. The problem ...