Dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients at risk for emergence delirium
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- Author(s)
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Olivia Hennessy, BSN and Terri Cahoon, DNP, CRNA
- Sigma Affiliation
- Non-member
Emergence delirium (ED) is a common problem in the pediatric population following general anesthesia. The condition is defined as a state of mental disturbance characterized by non-purposeful movements, agitation, and possible dissociation. Concern for ED is even greater in children with disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2 agonist with sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects that promote optimal emergence from anesthesia in pediatric patients.
A 10-year-old male with ASD and ADHD presented for complete dental restoration. The patient’s initial demeanor was calm but progressed to anxious upon transport to the operating room. Following inhalation induction, general anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane end-tidal concentration 2.5%. Dexmedetomidine 16 mcg IV was administered at the end of the procedure over a 20-minute period. The patient was assessed in the PACU using the pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scale. The patient’s PAED score was less than necessary to identify ED.
Is dexmedetomidine an effective drug for prevention of ED in high-risk pediatric patients with ASD and ADHD?
| Type | DNP Capstone Project |
| Acquisition | Self-submission |
| Review Type | None: Degree-based Submission |
| Format | Text-based Document |
| Evidence Level | Case Study/Series |
| Research Approach | N/A |
| Keywords | Emergence Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
| Grantor | Samford University |
| Advisor | Cahoon, Terri |
| Level | DNP |
| Year | 2023 |
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