Impact of diabetes self-management education on adults with diabetes and mental illness
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Abstract
Approximately 9.4% of the population of the United States, or 30.3 million Americans, has diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death and places a significant financial strain on the healthcare system with approximately $327 billion in estimated expenditures. In Ohio, 13.5% of the population has diabetes, which represents a 4.1% increase above the national average. Additionally, individuals with mental illness are at an increased risk for diabetes due to lower self-efficacy and limited performance of self-care activities compared to the general population. This results in poor glycemic control and leads to an increased risk for diabetes complications. Approximately 46.6 million adults, or 19% of the population of the United States, have mental illness diagnoses. Diabetes Self-Management Education Support (DSMES) is recommended by the American Diabetes Association as an important aspect of diabetes care. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to implement a DSMES course to a group of adults with diabetes and mental illness to evaluate the impact on self-efficacy, performance of self-care activities, and hemoglobin A1C. This project was guided by the Self-Efficacy Model and the Iowa Model. There were six participants, five female and one male between the ages of 39-59, who attended the DSMES course. In addition to diabetes, all participants had at least one mental illness diagnosis, and four participants had two or more mental illness diagnoses. The DSMES course was taught 1 hour a week for 8 weeks online using Vidyo software. Participants completed The Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale, and The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities before and after the DSMES course to measure self-efficacy and self-care activities. The mean score for self-efficacy improved from 5.15 to 6.15 (p=0.003). Only one area of self-care activities, general diet improved from 3 to 5 (p = 0.0003). There were no other significant changes in other self-care activities. The change in A1C could not be assessed due to restrictions related to COVID-19. Although a small sample, the implementation of a DSMES course for individuals with both diabetes and mental health illnesses may be beneficial in improving self-efficacy.
Repository Posting Date
2021-05-13T18:16:10Z
Type Information
Type | DNP Capstone Project |
Acquisition | Self-submission |
Review Type | Faculty Approved: Degree-based Submission |
Format | Text-based Document |
Category Information
Evidence Level | Other |
Research Approach | Translational Research/Evidence-based Practice |
Keywords | Diabetes; Mental Illness; Self Management; Patient Education |
Degree Information
Grantor | The University of Toledo |
Advisor | Walsh, Eileen; Topp, Robert; Schmitt, Tonya |
Level | DNP |
Year | 2020 |
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