Traumatic events, social support, and self-efficacy: Correlates of health perceptions among adolescents
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The relationship between traumatic events and health perceptions among adolescents is poorly understood. While social support and self-efficacy protect adults from the adverse effects of trauma, the nature of this relationship among adolescents is not clear. The Adolescent Trauma Conceptual Model provides a useful framework to examine these complex interrelationships. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between traumatic events such as violent life events, non-violent life events, a natural disaster, and war, and health perceptions in an adolescent population. Additionally, the protective effects of social support and self-efficacy upon these traumatic events and health perceptions is examined. This descriptive correlational study is a subcomponent of the Carolina Adolescent Health Project (CAHP), a three-year longitudinal project aimed to study the effects of Hurricane Hugo on the health of South Carolina adolescents. Freshmen and sophomores who could read and write English from three high schools and who took the initial CAHP Survey comprised this study's sample (N = 1427). Measures on the CAHP Survey included the Hurricane Exposure Scale, Violent Life Events Scale, Non-Violent Life Events Scale, Index of Social Support, and Self-Efficacy Scale. Independent variables included traumatic events, demographics, and personal factors, protective variables included social support and self-efficacy, and the dependent variable was the participants' ratings of their health as "poor," "fair," "good," or "excellent." Logistic regression utilizing Categorical Modeling (CATMOD) was performed univariately and with multivariate backwards regression. Final model results indicate that traumatic events inversely associated with health perceptions included violent life events, non-violent life events, and hurricane exposure. Females and blacks had higher odds of poorer health perceptions. As social support and self-efficacy each decreased, health perceptions decreased. Findings suggest that traumatic events may be predictive of health perceptions among adolescents. High social support and self-efficacy appear to protect adolescents' health perceptions from the effects of traumatic events. Intervention programs that build on social support and self-efficacy are recommended as most appropriate in enhancing health perceptions among adolescents who have suffered traumatic event stress.
This dissertation has also been disseminated through the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. Dissertation/thesis number: 9400201; ProQuest document ID: 304059800. The author still retains copyright.
This item has not gone through this repository's peer-review process, but has been accepted by the indicated university or college in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the specified degree.
Type | Dissertation |
Acquisition | Proxy-submission |
Review Type | None: Degree-based Submission |
Format | Text-based Document |
Evidence Level | Cohort |
Research Approach | Quantitative Research |
Keywords | Childhood Trauma; Adolescents with Trauma; Nursing Adolescents |
CINAHL Subject(s) | Trauma--In Adolescence--South Carolina; Life Experiences--In Adolescence--South Carolina; Health Status--In Adolescence--South Carolina; Support, Psychosocial--In Adolescence--South Carolina; Self-Efficacy--In Adolescence--South Carolina; Trauma--In Adolescence; Life Experiences--In Adolescence; Health Status--In Adolescence; Perception--In Adolescence; Support, Psychosocial--In Adolescence; Self-Efficacy--In Adolescence; Natural Disasters--South Carolina; Trauma; Life Experiences; Health Status; Perception; Support, Psychosocial; Self-Efficacy; Natural Disasters |
Grantor | University of South Carolina |
Advisor | Hardin, Sally Brosz |
Level | PhD |
Year | 1993 |
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